Economists like to talk about the “value chain” of manufacturing. Some things, like sewing shirts, don't take a lot of capital or education or specialised skills. All the way at the other end of the chain you have airplanes, which demand massive plants and a well-trained, well-paid workforce. The original argument for normalising trade with China in 2001 was that it could have the lowest links on the chain, and more developed countries could clip in a little higher.
經(jīng)濟學家喜歡談論制造業(yè)的“價值鏈”。有些事情，比如縫制襯衫，不需要大量的資金、教育或專業(yè)技能。在鏈條的另一端，你有飛機，需要大量的工廠和訓練有素的高薪勞動力。2001年與中國貿(mào)易正常化的最初論點是，中國可以占據(jù)價值鏈上的低端環(huán)節(jié)，而較發(fā)達的國家可以占據(jù)略高一些的環(huán)節(jié)。
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