Globalisation has been a deeply contradictory process whose features are insufficiently recognised by both those who unquestionably support it and its detractors.
Between 1980 and 2000, countries’ gross domestic product per capita diverged, meaning poor countries grew more slowly than rich ones. This was because of the lost decade (or two) in Latin America and post-communist countries, and disasters and wars in Africa.
But after 2000, things changed: these three areas, and of course Asia, grew faster than the rich world. On the negative side, there was a steady and almost universal increase in income inequalities within nations, with the notable exception of Latin America.
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